The HLA B27 test is a specialized blood test used to detect the presence of the HLA-B27 protein (human leukocyte antigen B27) on the surface of white blood cells. This protein plays a crucial role in the immune system and is associated with certain autoimmune disorders, particularly those affecting the joints and spine.
If you're experiencing unexplained joint pain, chronic back stiffness, or symptoms of autoimmune conditions, your doctor might recommend an HLA B27 test to help determine the underlying cause.
What is HLA B27?
HLA-B27 is a genetic marker found in some individuals. While not harmful by itself, its presence may increase the risk of developing specific autoimmune disorders, especially those involving inflammation of the joints, eyes, and spine.
Having HLA B27 doesn’t mean you will definitely develop a disease—it simply indicates a higher susceptibility.
Why is the HLA B27 Test Done?
Doctors usually order the HLA B27 test to support the diagnosis of certain inflammatory conditions, including:
Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)
Reactive Arthritis
Psoriatic Arthritis
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Uveitis (eye inflammation)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) associated arthritis
Common symptoms prompting the test:
Chronic lower back pain (especially in younger individuals)
Joint stiffness, swelling, or pain
Eye inflammation (uveitis)
Fatigue or general inflammation signs
How is the HLA B27 Test Performed?
The HLA B27 test is a simple blood test that involves:
A technician drawing a blood sample from a vein (usually from your arm).
The sample is sent to a specialized lab for genetic testing.
Results are typically available in 5 to 7 working days.
No special preparation or fasting is required before this test.
Understanding HLA B27 Test Results
Positive HLA B27 Result: This means the HLA-B27 gene is present. It does not confirm a disease but suggests a higher risk for certain autoimmune conditions.
Negative HLA B27 Result: This means the gene is absent. However, some people can still develop autoimmune conditions without having this marker.
Important: A positive result is only part of the diagnostic process. Your doctor will consider symptoms, physical examination, imaging (like X-rays or MRI), and other lab tests to reach a final diagnosis.
HLA B27 Test Cost in India
The cost of the HLA B27 test varies depending on the city and lab. On average:
Price Range: ₹1,500 – ₹3,500
Available at reputed diagnostic centers like Thyrocare, Redcliffe Labs, SRL, Dr. Lal PathLabs, and Metropolis
Home sample collection and online booking are available in most cities including Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Pune, Hyderabad, and Chennai.
Final Thoughts
The HLA B27 test is an important diagnostic tool in evaluating autoimmune and inflammatory joint disorders. While not a standalone test for disease diagnosis, it provides valuable insights when combined with clinical evaluation and other tests.
If you experience chronic joint pain, stiffness, or eye inflammation, consult your doctor and ask if the HLA B27 test is right for you.
